Author Archives: Rebecca G. Abel

Italy – Constitution

{ Adopted on: 22 Dec 1947 } { Effective since: 1 Jan 1948 } { ICL Document Status: 23 May 2003 } { Editor’s Note: The first ICL edition has been based on a translation provided by the Italian Embassy … Continue reading

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The EU’s approach to waste management

As European society has grown wealthier it has created more and more rubbish. Each year in the European Union alone we throw away 3 billion tonnes of waste – some 90 million tonnes of it hazardous. This amounts to about … Continue reading

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Written Signature Requirements and Electronic Authentication: A Comparative Perspective

Christopher Kuner*, Morrison & Foerster LLP, Brussels Anja Miedbrodt**, University of Frankfurt-am-Main, Germany SUMMARY Differences in the definition of “written signature” are influencing the course of national and international policies on electronic authentication, as the examples of the US and … Continue reading

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Spain’s customs regulations

What products am I allowed to bring into Spain? According to the European Commission, travellers may not bring any animal food products into Spain, neither for their own consumption, nor as part or their luggage (including meat, meat products, milk, … Continue reading

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Import regulations by Ukraine customs

Customs regulations prohibit sending cash, travelers’ checks, personal checks, credit cards, or passports through the international mail system. Customs authorities regularly confiscate these items as contraband. Ukrainian customs authorities may also enforce strict regulations concerning temporary importation into or export … Continue reading

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